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Onchain reads, decoded.

Guides, comparisons, integrations, reference docs, and trust reports for reading smart contract data from Claude, your code, n8n, or a REST client.

A fixed shopfront address that keeps its balances while the back office behind it is swapped from version 1 to version 2
Reference

What is an upgradeable proxy contract?

An upgradeable proxy contract is a fixed address that forwards calls to replaceable logic. EIP-1967 defines the storage slots that hold the logic address.

A wallet signature request showing a spender, an amount and a deadline next to a pen
Reference

What is EIP-712? Permits and signing

EIP-712 is the standard that shows a signature request as readable fields. An EIP-2612 permit uses it to approve a token spender with a signature alone.

A vault with three keyholders where two of the three keys are needed to open it
Reference

What is a multisig wallet? M-of-N and Safe

A multisig wallet is a shared account that needs M of its N owners to approve each transaction. Safe is the most widely used multisig wallet on Ethereum.

A small machine labelled with an address, holding a rulebook and a memory shelf, with people calling it from all sides
Reference

What is a smart contract?

A smart contract is a program at a blockchain address that runs fixed rules when called. Anyone can read it, and its code stays fixed unless built to upgrade.

A contact card with the name vitalik.eth next to a long wallet address, like a phone book entry
Reference

What is ENS? Ethereum Name Service explained

ENS, the Ethereum Name Service, maps readable names like vitalik.eth to wallet addresses. A .eth name is an NFT you own, registered for years you pay for.

A ledger of names and balances inside a token contract next to a permission slip
Reference

What is ERC-20? Tokens and approvals

ERC-20 is the standard that makes fungible tokens behave the same way everywhere. It defines balances, transfers and approvals, so any wallet can use a token.

A ladder of Ethereum units from ether down to gwei and wei, next to a gas fee receipt
Reference

What is gwei? Gas fees and EIP-1559

Gwei is one billionth of an ether and the unit gas prices are quoted in. Since EIP-1559, each transaction pays a burned base fee plus a tip to the validator.

One shared engine connected to four separate chains that all run the same contract code
Reference

What is the EVM (Ethereum Virtual Machine)?

The Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) is the shared engine that runs smart contracts. EVM compatible chains such as Base and Polygon run the same contracts.

A casino chip stamped WBTC next to a vault holding a Bitcoin, and a currency counter turning ETH into WETH
Reference

What is wrapped bitcoin? WETH and WBTC explained

A wrapped token stands in for another asset at a one-to-one rate. WETH is ETH held in a smart contract, and WBTC is a claim on Bitcoin held by a custodian.